| With the acceleration of the global energy transition and the advancement of “dual carbon” targets, the ocean, as a vast reservoir of renewable energy, is increasingly recognized for its development potential. However, individual forms of ocean energy (such as wave energy, tidal energy, offshore wind energy, ocean thermal energy conversion, and salinity gradient energy) generally face challenges including large fluctuations in energy density, strong intermittency, limited utilization efficiency, and high development costs. Multi-energy complementary utilization technologies, by integrating diverse ocean energy forms and synergistically optimizing energy capture, conversion, storage, and output, are expected to become a key pathway to enhance the overall efficiency, stability, economic viability, and reliability of ocean energy systems. This paper systematically reviews relevant domestic and international policies and the current technological status of multi-energy complementary utilization in ocean energy, explores the key challenges in its development, and focuses on analyzing emerging trends in the field. The study further provides insights into future prospects, aiming to offer theoretical guidance and technical support for the efficient and large-scale development and utilization of ocean energy. |
