| 李达, 李书兆, 宋勇浩, 何木, 易丛, 李辉, 王栋.砂土中新型拖曳锚的小比尺模型试验[J].海洋工程,2025,(6):50~58 |
| 砂土中新型拖曳锚的小比尺模型试验 |
| Small-scale model tests of a new type of drag anchor in sandy soil |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-28 |
| DOI：10.16483/j.issn.1005-9865.2025.06.005 |
| 中文关键词: 砂土 拖曳锚 抗拉力 运动轨迹 模型试验 |
| 英文关键词:sand drag anchor holding capacity kinematic trajectory model testing |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42025702，52394251） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 69 |
| 全文下载次数: 24 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 近年出现的新型拖曳锚的拉重比和抗拉承载力远高于传统拖曳锚，已初步用作深远海浮式风机的锚泊基础。公开发表的新型拖曳锚现场和模型试验数据非常有限，实际安装过程中锚运动轨迹的影响因素尚未明确。研制小比尺模型试验系统，开展中密石英砂中Rex锚的模型试验，验证拖锚速度、砂样含水状态等试验条件的影响，量化锚柄-锚爪夹角、泥面处拉力角度和锚初始侧倾等关键因素对锚贯入深度和抗拉力的影响程度。试验结果表明：砂土中锚柄-锚爪夹角为32°左右时，锚的抗拉力能得到较好发挥；泥面处拉力角度增大至8°时，锚的入土深度减小，但抗拉力变化不大；锚初始侧倾不超过20°时，锚体在拖动过程中自发调整姿态，使得侧倾逐渐减小到不超过6°，从而对最大抗拉力影响不大。改进的简化预测方法与试验结果能够相互验证。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In recent years, novel drag anchors have demonstrated significantly higher hold-to-weight ratios and ultimate holding capacities compared to conventional designs, and have been preliminarily adopted as mooring foundations for deep-sea floating wind turbines. However, publicly available field and model test data for these new drag anchors remain scarce, and the factors influencing their kinematic trajectories during installation are not yet well understood. This study developed a small-scale model testing system to investigate the performance of the Rex anchor in medium-dense silica sand. The test setup verified the influence of key parameters such as drag velocity and sand water content, and quantitatively assessed the effects of shank-fluke angle, loading angle at the mudline, and initial roll angle on the anchor's embedment depth and holding capacity. Resultsshow that a shank-fluke angle of approximately 32° enables effective mobilization of holding capacity in sand. Increasing the mudline loading angle to 8° reduces the embedment depth but has limited impact on the holding force. When the initial roll angle is within 20°, the anchor adjusts its orientation autonomously during dragging, reducing the roll to less than 6°, thereby minimizing its influence on the ultimate holding capacity. The improved simplified prediction method can mutually validate the test results. |
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