| 殷成团，孙新鹏，孙忠滨，盛晓强，张金善.长江口风暴潮增水对潮汐不对称性的响应[J].海洋工程,2025,(5):113~121 |
| 长江口风暴潮增水对潮汐不对称性的响应 |
| The responses of storm surge to tidal asymmetry in the Yangtze Estuary |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-15 修订日期：2025-02-12 |
| DOI：10.16483/j.issn.1005-9865.2025.05.011 |
| 中文关键词: 长江口 潮汐不对称性 风暴增水 风暴潮时 非线性效应 |
| 英文关键词:Yangtze Estuary tidal asymmetry storm surge storm timing nonlinear effect |
| 基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（Y224001，Y224003） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 河口地区潮波不对称性对风暴增水具有显著的放大作用。基于长周期潮位资料，系统分析了长江口潮波不对称性及其空间分布特性，并通过FVCOM进行大量数值模拟，研究了不同潮差、潮时情景下河口增水对潮汐不对称性的响应。结果表明：长江口河口段潮波不对称性呈现出向上游增强的空间分布特征，局部地形变化是导致潮波变形加剧的直接原因；相同水位条件下，台风与涨潮期遭遇时增水明显大于落潮期，主要原因是风暴潮与天文潮的相互作用加快了潮波传播速度，加剧了河口潮波不对称性，致使涨潮曲线更陡峭，增水对相位偏移更敏感。在潮汐不对称性较强的河口区域，偏峰增水是描述台风对灾害性潮位抬升能力的更好指标。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The asymmetry of tidal waves in estuarine areas has a significant amplifying effect on storm surges. An analysis of tidal wave asymmetry and its spatial distribution in the Yangtze Estuary was conducted using long-term tidal level data. Furthermore, extensive numerical simulations were performed using FVCOM to investigate the responses of estuarine surges to tidal wave asymmetry under different tidal ranges and tidal timing scenarios. The results indicate that tidal wave asymmetry in the Yangtze Estuary exhibits a spatial pattern of intensification upstream, with local topographic variations being the direct cause of increased tidal wave deformation. Specifically, under the same water level conditions, surges are markedly greater when a typhoon coincides with the flood tide than with the ebb tide. This is mainly because the surge-tide interaction accelerates tidal wave propagation, intensifies tidal wave asymmetry in the estuary, steepens the flood tide curve, and increases surge sensitivity to phase shifts. In estuarine areas with pronounced tidal asymmetry, the skew surge is a more suitable indicator for describing the capacity of typhoons to elevate hazardous tidal levels. |
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