| 李世舟, 刘磊, 杨建民.基于图像处理的横流中颗粒羽流特性试验研究[J].海洋工程,2025,(4):47~58 |
| 基于图像处理的横流中颗粒羽流特性试验研究 |
| Image processing-based experimental study on characteristics of particle-laden plumes in a crossflow |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-22 |
| DOI：10.16483/j.issn.1005-9865.2025.04.005 |
| 中文关键词: 两相羽流 深海采矿 物理试验 图像处理 颗粒动力特性 |
| 英文关键词:two-phase plumes deep-sea mining experiment image processing dynamic characteristics |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC2808804）；国家自然科学基金项目（42476222） |
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| 中文摘要: |
颗粒-流体两相羽流常见于深海采矿和疏浚工程中的尾水排放等过程，羽流随环境流体流动和扩散，对海洋环境产生影响。针对颗粒羽流在横流中的动力学特性开展试验研究，采用匀速拖曳羽流排放源的方式模拟横流中的颗粒羽流，基于光学无接触测量和图像处理方法测试分析羽流中颗粒相的分布特征，包括中心线轨迹、质量浓度分布等。颗粒相质量浓度沿中心线轨迹可以分为动量主导的近场、动量主导的远场和浮力主导的远场3个发展阶段。研究发现，排放-拖曳速度比和弗劳德数对颗粒羽流在横流中的发展演化有显著影响；时均颗粒相中心线轨迹深度、羽流宽度分别与(x/D)0.4![]() ![]() 和(x/D)0.2![]() ![]() （x/D![]() ![]() 为横流方向的无因次长度）成正比；颗粒相质量浓度沿中心线轨迹阶段分布，在两阶段分别与(Sc/D)-0.38![]() ![]() 和(Sc/D)-0.71![]() ![]() （Sc/D![]() ![]() 为中心线轨迹拟合曲线积分无因次长度）成正比；颗粒相质量浓度沿中心线轨迹法向呈负偏态分布。 |
| 英文摘要: |
Particle-fluid two-phase plumes are commonly encountered in processes such as deep-sea mining and tailwater discharge in dredging projects. These plumes flow and disperse with the ambient fluid, thus affecting the marine environment. Experimental investigations were conducted to study the dynamic characteristics of particle plumes in crossflow. A method involving constant-speed towing of the plume source was employed to simulate particle plumes in crossflow. Optical non-contact measurement and image processing techniques were adopted to evaluate and analyze the distribution characteristics of the particle phase within the plume, including the centerline trajectory, mass concentration distribution, et al. The particle phase mass concentration along the centerline trajectory can be divided into three developmental stages: momentum-dominated near field, momentum-dominated far field, and buoyancy-dominated far field. The study revealed that the discharge-towing velocity ratio and Froude number significantly influence the development and evolution of particle plumes in crossflow. The depth of the time-averaged particle phase centerline trajectory and the plume width were found to be respectively proportional to (x/D)0.4![]() ![]() and (x/D)0.2![]() ![]() , where x/D![]() ![]() represents the dimensionless length in the crossflow direction. The particle phase mass concentration exhibits a staged distribution along the centerline trajectory, with two distinct stages where it is proportional to (Sc/D)-0.38![]() ![]() and (Sc/D)-0.71![]() ![]() , where Sc/D![]() ![]() represents the dimensionless length of the fitted curve of the centerline trajectory. The particle phase mass concentration showed a negatively skewed distribution normal to the centerline trajectory. |
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