| 袁明新, 张亮, 王以龙, 刘维.基于SFS混合反射模型的侧扫声呐图像三维重建[J].海洋工程,2025,(2):187~195 |
| 基于SFS混合反射模型的侧扫声呐图像三维重建 |
| 3D reconstruction of side-scan sonar images based on the SFS mixed reflection model |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-11 |
| DOI：10.16483/j.issn.1005-9865.2025.02.018 |
| 中文关键词: 侧扫声呐图像 明暗恢复形状方法 混合反射模型 三维重建 |
| 英文关键词:side-scan sonar images shape from shading method mixed reflection model 3D reconstruction |
| 基金项目:工信部高技术船舶项目（［2019］360）；张家港市产业链创新产品攻关计划项目（ZKC2206）；张家港市产学研预研资金项目（ZKHBZ2303） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 6 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于明暗恢复形状（shape from shading， 简称SFS）方法进行海底侧扫声呐图像三维重建时，会因为方法中反射模型与海底表面不相符而降低重建精度。为此文章在分析大陆架海底表面特点及侧扫声呐工作机理的基础上，提出了基于SFS混合反射模型的侧扫声呐图像海底地形重建方法。首先在保留Lambert漫反射模型的基础上引入Blinn-Phong镜面反射模型，并基于侧扫声呐图像粗糙度进行漫反射系数、镜面反射系数和镜面反射指数的自适应设计，从而形成适合复杂海底表面的混合反射模型；然后线性化处理辐射照度方程，并采用牛顿-拉夫逊方法来获得海底表面高程；最后根据海底点设计反演高程约束系数来约束表面高程，进而完成侧扫声呐图像的三维重建。试验测试结果表明，相较于其他三维重建方法，文中方法的平均绝对误差值VMAE平均降低了32.18%、相关系数值VCC平均提高了29.62%、信噪比值VSNR平均提升了27.23%，有效实现了侧扫声呐图像三维重建。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| When performing 3D reconstruction of seabed side-scan sonar images using the shape from shading (SFS) method, the mismatch between the reflection model and the seabed surface characteristics often reduces reconstruction accuracy. To address this issue, this study proposes a 3D reconstruction method for seabed topography based on an SFS hybrid reflection model, following an analysis of continental shelf seabed surface features and side-scan sonar operational mechanisms. First, the Lambert diffuse reflection model is retained, and the Blinn-Phong specular reflection model is introduced. An adaptive design for the diffuse reflection coefficient, specular reflection coefficient, and specular reflection exponent is developed based on the roughness of the side-scan sonar image, resulting in a mixed reflection model suitable for complex seabed surfaces. Then, the radiance equation is linearized and solved using the Newton-Raphson method to estimate seabed surface elevation. Finally, the inversion elevation constraint coefficients are designed for seabed points to refine the surface elevation, completing the 3D reconstruction of side-scan sonar images. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to other 3D reconstruction methods, the proposed approach reduces the mean absolute error VMAE by an average of 32.18%, increases the correlation coefficient VCC by an average of 29.62%, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio VSNR by an average of 27.23%, effectively achieving high-accuracy 3D reconstruction of side-scan sonar images. |
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